Capsule Presentation

1. Each hard gelatin capsule contains:
Diclofenac Sodium IP 50 mg
Thiocolchicoside IP 4 mg

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2. Each hard gelatin capsule contains:
Diclofenac Sodium IP 50 mg
Thiocolchicoside IP 8 mg

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3.Each hard gelatin capsule contains:
Diclofenac Sodium IP 100 mg
Thiocolchicoside IP 8 mg

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This is a combination of two medicines: Thiocolchicoside and Diclofenac, which relieves muscle pain. Thiocolchicoside is a muscle relaxant. It works on the centers in the brain and spinal cord to relieve muscle stiffness or spasm and improve movement of muscles. Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) which works by blocking the release of certain chemical messengers in the brain that cause pain and inflammation (redness and swelling).

Indications

• Pain due to muscle spasm
• Acute spinal pathology
• Orthopedic, traumatic and rheumatologic disorders

Mechanism of action

Diclofenac is a phenylacetic acid derivative and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and-2 which are the enzyme responsible for producing prostaglandins (PGs). PGs contribute to inflammation and pain signalling. It is rapidly absorbed from GIT and goes first pass metabolism. Only 60% of the drug reaches systemic circulation. Volume of distribution is 5-10 L with 99.7% plasma protein binding mainly to albumin. It is extensively metabolised in liver and the major metabolites are excreted in urine with only 30% is excreted in feces. Half-life of diclofenac is 25.8-33 hours.
Thiocolchicoside is a skeletal muscle-relaxant drug that works through selective binding to the GABA-A receptor. It prevents muscle contractions by activating the GABA inhibitory motor pathway. This medication acts as a competitive GABA receptor antagonist and inhibits glycine receptors with similar potency as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Drug has only 25% bioavailability. When 8mg administered intramuscularly then the volume of distribution is 42.7 L. It is metabolised in intestine and there are three major metabolites. The first metabolite undergoes conjugation to produce active metabolite or undergoes demethylation to produce inactive metabolite. About 79% of the metabolites are excreted in feces and 20% in urine. The half-life is approximately 7.7 hours.

Side Effects

• Nausea
• Allergy
• Vasovagal reactions
• Liver injury
• Pancreatitis
• Seizures
• Blood cell disorders
• Diarrhoea
• Constipation

Interaction

Drugs that can potentially interfere with diclofenac sodium include diuretics, other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and some herbal supplements. These interactions may increase the risk of kidney damage, reduce the activity of diuretics, or make ACE inhibitors less effective, among other things. If diclofenac sodium drug interactions are a concern, your healthcare provider may adjust your dosage or monitor you more closely.